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While the Gulf states dominate headlines with their giga-scale renewable projects, other countries across the Middle East are also making decisive strides in solar deployment, says Sania Aziz.

From Iraq’s urgent energy recovery plans to Jordan’s pioneering policy frameworks, and even Syria’s reliance on decentralised solar for essential services, these markets illustrate both the diversity of approaches and the pressing need for clean energy outside the Gulf.

Iraq: turning crisis into opportunity

Iraq’s fragile electricity system has long been defined by chronic shortages, blackouts, and reliance on ageing thermal plants. With grid losses and limited connectivity compounding the problem, solar energy has emerged as a critical tool in the country’s recovery strategy. The government has set a target of 10 GW of solar by 2030, with more than 2 GW already under signed agreements.

International partnerships are at the heart of this growth. Masdar is spearheading a 1 GW solar framework, while TotalEnergies is pursuing similar-scale projects across multiple governorates. Smaller hybrid systems, combining solar with diesel generation, are being rolled out in remote areas and displaced communities to improve reliability and reduce dependence on costly fuel imports. Rooftop solar is also gaining traction in Baghdad, Erbil, and Basra, where businesses and households seek backup power.

Jordan: a regional solar leader

Jordan stands out as one of the most mature solar markets outside the Gulf, having embraced renewables early with a strong mix of policy and private sector participation. The country has installed over 2.1 GW of solar capacity to date, supported by successful net metering and wheeling programmes that empower both households and industries to self-generate clean power.

Flagship projects such as the Baynouna Solar Park and the Quweira PV plant have established Jordan as a hub for international investors. In parallel, Jordan has taken a leadership role in deploying solar in humanitarian contexts, with the Zaatari refugee camp powered by a large solar facility that cuts costs while ensuring reliable supply for vulnerable populations. As solar penetration deepens, battery storage pilots are being tested to reduce curtailment and enhance grid resilience.

Syria: decentralised lifelines in conflict zones

Years of conflict and international sanctions have left Syria’s energy infrastructure severely weakened. In this context, solar has become less a matter of policy and more of necessity. Small-scale, off-grid systems, often supported by NGOs and international agencies, are supplying critical power to rural communities, schools, and medical centres.

While Syria possesses strong solar potential thanks to its climate and geography, large-scale projects remain unlikely in the near term due to financing and investment barriers. For now, decentralised solar-battery kits provide lifelines for basic services such as water pumping, lighting, and mobile charging. These deployments, though small in scale, demonstrate the essential role solar can play in humanitarian and recovery contexts.

The non-GCC markets highlight the diversity of solar adoption in the Middle East. Iraq is harnessing solar to stabilise its grid, Jordan is refining innovative policy mechanisms, and Syria is deploying solar as a humanitarian tool. Each country faces unique barriers, whether political, financial, or infrastructural, but all share a recognition that solar must underpin their future energy strategies.

For investors, technology providers, and policymakers, these markets present both risk and reward. While the Gulf may dominate with scale, non-GCC nations demonstrate the versatility of solar, from powering refugee camps to rebuilding fragile energy systems. Together, they remind us that the Middle East’s clean energy transition is not only about mega-projects, but also about how renewable power can be adapted to diverse national realities.

KROHNE will showcase its latest innovations for the water and wastewater sector. (Image source: KROHNE)

Water

KROHNE, a global leader in precision instrumentation and measurement solutions, will showcase its latest innovations for the water and wastewater sector at the Global Water Expo 2025, taking place from 2-4 September 2025 at the Riyadh Front Exhibition & Conference Centre.

Exhibiting within the Germany Pavilion, the company will present advanced flow, level, pressure, and analytical instrumentation designed to enhance efficiency and resilience in Saudi Arabia’s water infrastructure.

“KROHNE’s participation in Global Water Expo 2025 affirms our commitment to supporting Saudi Arabia’s bold vision for sustainable water infrastructure,” said Jay Gadhavi, general manager, KROHNE Middle East. “We bring decades of expertise in precision measurement, allied with a determination to co-create resilient, energy-efficient solutions that align with the Kingdom’s Vision 2030 goals of innovation, environmental stewardship, and infrastructure modernisation.”

Key features

Among the highlights will be the Modular Water Analysis Panel, a flexible multi-parameter system for measuring dissolved oxygen, turbidity, conductivity, pH, and ORP; the Water-Industry Planning Tool, an online platform for configuring devices and generating tender specifications; and a web-based flow tracking service for monitoring non-revenue water, detecting leaks, and identifying usage patterns.

Other featured solutions include the FOCUS-1 Smart Meter Valve, which combines multiple measurement and control functions into a single device; the TIDALFLUX 2300 Electromagnetic Flowmeter for accurate readings in partially filled pipes; and the WATERFLUX 3070 District Metering Solution, designed for potable water and custody transfer applications with integrated leak detection.

Reflecting its commitment to sustainable water management, KROHNE will demonstrate how these solutions can improve energy efficiency, support regulatory compliance, and strengthen long-term infrastructure performance. Visitors can engage with both regional and international experts at the Germany Pavilion to explore how these technologies can help shape the Kingdom’s future water ecosystem.

Also read: Water diplomacy: how UAE supports island nations' water security

 

The report forecasts that the Saudi FM market will expand from US$39.4bn in 2024 to US$52.5bn by 2029

Construction

The Middle East Facility Management Association (MEFMA), in collaboration with Frost & Sullivan, has released a comprehensive white paper that provides an in-depth analysis of Saudi Arabia’s facility management (FM) sector.

Published at a time when the Kingdom is accelerating its Vision 2030 transformation, the paper highlights FM’s critical role in shaping sustainable, world-class infrastructure and services.

The report forecasts that the Saudi FM market will expand from US$39.4bn in 2024 to US$52.5bn by 2029, reflecting a compound annual growth rate of 5.9%. It also underscores the government’s strong commitment to infrastructure development, with US$54bn allocated for education in 2025 to enhance facilities, develop curricula, train teachers, and strengthen research and innovation. A US$2.1tn construction pipeline, including giga and mega projects such as NEOM, Red Sea, Qiddiya, AlUla, Diriyah Gate, Amaala, Al Widyan, and Jabal Omar, is set to transform the tourism, hospitality, residential, commercial, entertainment, and utilities sectors. These developments are expected to fuel substantial demand for FM services in the years ahead.

Expo 2030 and the planned launch of King Salman International Airport in 2030, which will be designed to accommodate up to 120mn passengers, are expected to further boost demand for FM expertise across operations, maintenance, and specialised service contracts. Healthcare and education remain the leading end-user segments, accounting for nearly 60% of outsourced FM demand. The healthcare sector in particular is undergoing rapid expansion, with demand projected for thousands of new hospital beds by 2035 and the creation of over 44,000 new industrial jobs. Outsourcing continues to gain momentum, with outsourced FM services growing to 37% of the market in 2024, valued at US$14.3bn.

Jamal Lootah, President of MEFMA, said, “This white paper marks a critical milestone in the development of Saudi Arabia’s facilities management industry, which is playing an increasingly vital role in the success of the Kingdom’s ambitious transformation. As FM becomes more integrated into national infrastructure, sustainability, and service delivery goals, access to accurate, forward-looking insights is essential. This publication reinforces MEFMA’s commitment to providing knowledge-driven content that enables smarter decision-making, promotes sustainable best practices, and aligns closely with the priorities of Vision 2030. Our aim is to empower both public and private sector stakeholders with the strategic foresight needed to plan for long-term impact.”

Eng. Mohannad AlMadhi, MEFMA Board member (KSA) said, “Saudi Arabia’s facilities management sector stands at the heart of the Kingdom’s transformation, underpinning the success of mega projects, urban development, and quality-of-life initiatives. As demand grows in scale and complexity, with all the upcoming PIF led projects, operational excellence is becoming a national imperative. This white paper captures the realities on the ground and charts a path forward that equips industry players with the insights needed to innovate, adapt, and build a world-class FM ecosystem that reflects the ambitions of Vision 2030.”

The UAE continues to strengthen its footprint in Africa’s mining industry

Mining

Mining and investment ties between the UAE and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) gained significant momentum in 2025 with the signing of a series of strategic agreements.

As the world’s leading producer of cobalt, accounting for over 70% of global output, as well as a major tin supplier and Africa’s top copper producer, the DRC is drawing growing interest from UAE investors looking to secure critical minerals for energy transition and high-tech industries.

With an estimated US$24 trillion in untapped mineral reserves, the DRC is seeking to attract long-term UAE investments to unlock greater value across its mining value chain. African Mining Week (AMW) 2025, one of the continent’s flagship mining events, is expected to provide a key platform for strengthening bilateral cooperation. It will be held in October. 

A dedicated Middle East-Africa Roundtable will convene high-level stakeholders, including UAE investors, DRC policymakers, and regional mining operators, to explore investment-ready projects and policy alignment.

Increased global demand for minerals central to electric vehicles and renewable energy systems has encouraged the UAE to expand its footprint in the DRC’s extractive industries. Recent investments signal a deeper commitment to supporting local beneficiation while securing reliable supply chains.

In July 2025, Congolese mining firm Buenassa entered a partnership with UAE-based NG9 Holding to establish the country’s first integrated copper-cobalt refinery.

Key Africa investments

The facility will produce 30,000 tonnes of copper cathodes and 5,000 tonnes of cobalt sulphate per year, supporting the DRC’s efforts to move up the value chain and capture more revenue from its mineral wealth.

A month earlier, Abu Dhabi’s International Resources Holding (IRH) finalised a US$366mn deal to acquire a majority stake in Alphamin Resources, gaining access to the Bisie Tin Complex, one of the world’s largest and highest-grade tin deposits.

Tin from Bisie currently accounts for about 6% of global supply, and demand is projected to rise 20% by 2035. At AMW, IRH’s investment will feature in a panel discussion titled Cobalt Opportunity: DRC’s Strategic Position in the EV Revolution, aimed at connecting Gulf capital with African resources.

Beyond mining, UAE players are also investing in the DRC’s power infrastructure. NG9 Holding signed an agreement with local utility Kipay Energy to co-develop a 46 MW hydropower plant in Haut-Katanga, contributing to a planned 166 MW capacity.

These developments underscore how UAE-DRC cooperation is expanding across both mining and energy, with AMW 2025 expected to catalyse further deals and partnerships.

The UAE continues to strengthen its footprint in Africa’s mining industry, with a series of strategic investments aimed at boosting production, infrastructure, and energy security across key markets.

Just this February, investment fund Ambrosia Investment Holding acquired a 50% stake in Canadian company Allied Gold’s mining projects in Ethiopia and Mali.

The deal includes a US$375mn capital injection to accelerate project development, increasing gold output in Ethiopia by 290,000 ounces per year by mid-2026 and in Mali by 400,000 ounces per year by 2028.

The project centred on the installation of a third ball mill. (Image source: EGA)

Manufacturing

Emirates Global Aluminium (EGA), the UAE’s largest industrial company and the world’s biggest producer of “premium aluminium”, has completed a debottlenecking expansion at its Al Taweelah alumina refinery, boosting production capacity by up to 50,000 tonnes of alumina per year.

The project centred on the installation of a third ball mill, strengthening operational resilience and paving the way for future output growth at the UAE’s only alumina refinery. Ball mills grind bauxite ore into fine particles for chemical processing into alumina. The additional unit enhances throughput, reduces the risk of unplanned outages, and improves overall availability alongside the two existing mills.

Executed entirely by EGA’s in-house teams, from engineering and project management to construction and commissioning, the project was completed in under two and a half years, recording over 650,000 work hours without a single Lost Time Injury.

Since its commissioning in 2019, Al Taweelah alumina refinery has consistently operated above its nameplate capacity of 2mn tonnes per year. In 2024, the facility supplied 49% of EGA’s total alumina needs, underscoring its strategic role in the company’s integrated value chain.

Abdulnasser Bin Kalban, Chief Executive Officer of Emirates Global Aluminium, said, “This expansion is a key step forward for Al Taweelah alumina refinery, unlocking additional production capacity as we reorient our bauxite supply chain beyond Guinea. It further strengthens our operational resilience and unlocks capacity growth. I thank every member of the team who contributed to this success.”

Trains will travel at speeds of up to 200 km/hr. (Image source: WAM)

Logistics

His Highness Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President, Prime Minister and Ruler of Dubai, reviewed the progress of the Etihad Rail project and took a landmark passenger train journey between Dubai and Fujairah, marking a key milestone in the UAE’s national railway network.

Set to begin commercial operations in 2026, the passenger train service is part of a wider vision to connect the country through sustainable, efficient, and modern infrastructure. The journey underlines Sheikh Mohammed’s commitment to overseeing strategic development projects and ensuring alignment with the UAE’s long-term national goals.

Describing the railway as one of the country’s most significant infrastructure undertakings, Sheikh Mohammed said the project will have broad economic, social, and developmental benefits. The Etihad Rail team briefed him on the latest milestones and expressed pride in the historic visit.

Enhancing connectivity

“Etihad Rail is a vital economic artery that supports the UAE’s journey to the future,” he said. “It is a key pillar in our vision to build an integrated transport network that strengthens the UAE’s position as a leading logistics hub, while facilitating the movement of people and goods.”

With stations planned in Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, and Fujairah during the first phase of operations, the railway is expected to serve as a major catalyst for social mobility, tourism, and inter-emirate connectivity. Trains will travel at speeds of up to 200 km/hr, carrying up to 400 passengers per journey, with projected annual ridership reaching 36.5 million by 2030.

MBRAM

His Highness Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum took the passenger train journey between Dubai and Fujairah. (Image source: WAM)

The national network will eventually connect 11 cities and regions, stretching from Al Sila in the west to Fujairah in the east. Once fully operational, Etihad Rail will set a new standard for sustainable transport in the region, supporting the UAE’s goal of achieving net zero emissions by 2050.

H.H. Sheikh Theyab bin Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, chairman of Etihad Rail, said, “We had the honour of hosting His Highness Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum aboard a passenger train journey between the emirates of Dubai and Fujairah. This exemplifies the unwavering commitment of the UAE's visionary leadership to support national projects that propel the progress of our nation. He has been integral to our journey, witnessing the evolution of our network through its various phases: from the announcement of the ‘Projects of the 50’ in 2021 to the inauguration of the complete national railway network and the commencement of freight train operations in 2023. Today, we stand on the cusp of a transformative era in the UAE's transportation landscape and take immense pride in and deeply appreciate the support we have received for this national project. This is a project that drives us towards a brighter future by strengthening connectivity and economic integration across the UAE, thus, serving the nation’s interests and enhancing its competitiveness on the global stage.”

Also read: Etihad Rail launches its ESG strategy